A Endowment is a Legal Trust Structure for the purpose of creating a FUND that raises donations for continuing the mission and operations of Non-Profit Organizations such as Hospitals, University’s, Museums.
What are the Three Types of Endowments
When your Non-Profit organization is considering using the Endowment structure? It’s appropriate to have your team of Investment Advisers, Accountants, and Attorneys work together to discuss the type of structure or type of Endowment Structure is appropriate for your Organizations needs. Here are the three types of Endowment Structures and how they are used. According to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) these are the details of the three types of Endowments.
Term Endowments
A Term Endowment is not perpetual, it is organized and funded for a specific time period. This can be years or until a specific end date that is specified on the Endowments Documents. Term Endowments can begin often when a Death of a Donor takes place or when a Document states. After period of time or expiration the total amount can be used to begin funding Operations.
True Endownments
A True Endowment begins by the Donor providing FUNDS to the Endowment and specifying the Funds are to be kept in perpetuity. A written agreement is used to facilitate the Funding and future use of Income of True Endowments.
Quasi-Endowments
The Board of Directors of Endowment Funds vote on the best use and deployment of funds with their Advisers. This includes electing to use Reserve Funds, making unrestricted Gifts to other Organizations, and deploying new funds from a unforseen donation. Inclusion is at the Discretion of the Board of Directors of a Endowment. This means the Board can elect if the new funds can be placed into a new fund or included into a outside Quasi Endownment Fund.
Endowment Management
Fund Managers of Endowment Funds and Non-Profit Boards of Directors work very closely with each-other to ensure the Endowments Investment Objectives are being met and kept. The Endowment Fund manger is professionally duty bound and a Fiduciary. The deployment of Funds by Investment management will work to allocate into appropriate Investment Assets. Keeping to the Endowments Investment Objectives and Policies.
Endowment Funding
Endowments are funded mainly by relying on public donations. A “PRINCIPAL” amount Donated is invested into Income producing Assets which may include Bonds, Equity Stocks, and other Appreciating Assets. And later the income from these assets are used for Operations and other uses as stipulated by the Trust Documents and at the Discretion of the Board of Directors.
Some Disadvantages of using the Endowment include: Some donations can only be used for limited purposes. There also maybe some limitations or restrictions in the Endowment Trust Docs that prevent funds from being withdrawn or used for operations. That depends on the Fund Covenants.
Advantages of using Endowment Funds? Funding a Endowment Trust can lead to Non-Profits being able to fund a mission and it’s operations. Not to mention being able to invest donations for the purpose of funding programs that help and improve communities or causes.
Did you catch my Article on “The Ultimate Guide To Trusts”click here.
Largest Non Profit Endowments from the year 2021
The National Center For Education Statistics lists the largest Endowment Trust Funds below, and HERE.
In Conclusion I hope you learned some basics about Why and How Non-Profit Organizations use Endowments for their Organizations needs. This post is meant to communicate the uses, and what are Endowments for public educational purposes only. Thank you for reading.
JS